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830-nm
irradiation increases the wound tensile strength in a diabetic
murine model. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. 2001; 28 (3):
220-226.
Stadler I, Lanzafame R J, Evans R, et al.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of
low-power laser irradiation on wound healing in genetic diabetes.
Female mice received 2 dorsal 1 cm full-thickness incisions
and laser irradiation (830 nm, 79 mW/cm(2), 5.0 J/cm(2) /wound).
Daily low-level laser therapy occurred over 0-4 days, 3-7
days, or nonirradiated. On sacrifice at 11 or 23 days, wounds
were excised, and tensile strengths were measured and standardized.
Nontreated diabetic wound tensile strength was 0.77 +/- 0.22
g/mm(2) and 1.51 +/- 0.13 g/mm(2) at 11 and 23 days. After
LLLT, over 0-4 days tensile strength was 1.15 +/- 0.14 g/mm(2)
and 2.45 +/- 0.29 g/mm(2) (P = 0.0019). Higher tensile strength
at 23 days occurred in the 3- to 7-day group (2.72 +/- 0.56
g/mm(2) LLLT vs. 1.51 +/- 0.13 g /mm(2) nontreated; P or =
0.01). Low-power laser irradiation at 830 nm significantly
enhances cutaneous wound tensile strength in a murine diabetic
model.
Effects
of laser irradiation on the spinal cord for the regeneration
of crushed peripheral nerve in rats. Lasers in Surgery and
Medicine 2001, 28 (3): 216-219
Rochkind-S, Nissan-M, Alon-M et al.
The purpose of the study was to examine the recovery of the
crushed sciatic nerve of rats after low- power laser irradiation
applied to the corresponding segments of the spinal cord.
After a crush injury to the sciatic nerve in rats, low-power
laser irradiation was applied transcutaneously to corresponding
segments of the spinal cord immediately after closing the
wound by using 16 mW, 632 nm He-Ne laser. The laser treatment
was repeated 30 minutes daily for 21 consecutive days. The
electrophysiologic activity of the injured nerves (compound
muscle action potentials--CMAPs) was found to be approximately
90% of the normal precrush value and remained so for up to
a long period of time. In the control nonirradiated group,
electrophysiologic activity dropped to 20% of the normal precrush
value at day 21 and showed the first signs of slow recovery
30 day after surgery. The two groups were found to be significantly
different during follow-up period (P 0.001). This study suggests
that low-power laser irradiation applied directly to the spinal
cord can improve recovery of the corresponding injured peripheral
nerve.
Intravascular
low-power laser irradiation after coronary stenting: long-term
follow-up. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2001; 28 (3) 212-215.
De-Scheerder-I-K, Wang-K, Kaul-U et al.
A high restenosis rate remains a limiting factor for percutaneous
transluminal coronary angioplasty and stenting. The objective
of this study was to evaluate the effect of intravascular
red laser therapy (IRLT) on restenosis after stenting procedures
in de novo lesions. A total of 68 consecutive patients were
treated with IRLT in conjunction with coronary stenting procedures.
Mean lesion length was 16.5 +/- 2.4 mm. Reference vessel diameter
(RVD) and pre-minimal lumen diameter (MLD) were 2.90 +/- 0.15
mm and 1.12 +/- 0.26 mm, respectively. After treatment, MLD
was 2.76 +/- 0.32 mm with no procedural complications or in-hospital
adverse events. Angiographic follow-up (n = 61) revealed restenosis
in nine patients (14.7%) with rate by artery size of >
3 mm (n = 21) 0%; 2.5--3.0 mm (n = 28) 14.2%; and 2.5 mm (n
= 12) 41.6%.
The use
of low intensity laser therapy (LILT) for the treatment of
open wounds in psychogeriatric patients: A pilot study. Physical
and Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics. 2000, 18/2 (1-19)
Verdote-Robertson-R, Munchua-M-M, Reddon-J-R.
The effect of low intensity laser therapy on wound healing
in a largely psychogeriatric population was assessed over
a period of 6 years (1991-1996). In total, 84 psychiatric
patients were referred for the treatment of open wounds of
varying severity and etiology. The wound status, nutritional
status, walking status, and psychiatric condition of each
patient were assessed prior to the administration of laser
therapy treatment. Traditional wound care management was also
used in addition to laser therapy. According to laser therapy
treatment protocol for open wounds, a single diode laser probe
was used for biostimulation of the wound bed and the wound
periphery. Pre- and post-treatment measurements of wound size
were obtained periodically for a total of 188 open wounds.
84% of these wounds completely healed, 11.2% partially healed,
2.1% did not change, and 2.7% got worse. The number of treatments
for the 158 completely-healed wounds ranged from 3 to 133
(mean 18.5) and the treatment period ranged from 5 to 383
days (mean 47.7). Wound healing was found to be related to
nutritional status but neither walking status nor wound size.
Results indicate that LILT is effective in the treatment of
open wounds when it is used as a component of a total wound
management program.
[Efficiency
of low-intensity laser radiation in essential hypertension].
Klinicheskaia meditsina(Mosk). 2001; 79 (1): 41-44.
Velizhanina-I-A, Gapon-L-I, Shabalina-M-S et al.
In a placebo-controlled study an antihypertensive activity
of low- intensive laser radiation (LILR) was evaluated in
52 males with essential hypertension stage I. The placebo
group consisted of 14 matched patients. LILR was used as monotherapy
of 10 daily procedures. This treatment significantly lowered
systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure. Moreover,
diastolic arterial pressure did not rise high at submaximal
bicycle exercise. Total peripheral vascular resistance also
decreased. A good hypotensive effect was achieved in 90.4%
cases.
Magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) controlled outcome of side effects
caused by ionizing radiation, treated with 780 nm-diode laser
- Preliminary results. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology
B: Biology. 2000; 59/1-3 (1-8)
Schaffer-M, Bonel-H, Sroka-R.
Ionizing radiation therapy by way of various beams such as
electron, photon and neutron is an established method in tumor
treatment. The side effects caused by this treatment such
as ulcer, painful mastitis and delay of wound healing are
well known, too. Biomodulation by low level laser therapy
(LLLT) hasbecome popular as a therapeutic modality for the
acceleration of wound healing and the treatment of inflammation.
Evidence for this kind of application, however, is not fully
understood yet. This study intends to demonstrate the response
of biomodulative laser treatment on the side effects caused
by ionizing radiation by means of magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI). Study design/patients and methods: Six female patients
suffering from painful mastitis after breast ionizing irradiation
and one man suffering from radiogenic ulcer were treated with
(lambda)=780 nm diode laser irradiation at a fluence rate
of 5 J/cm(2). LLLT was performed for a period of 4-6 weeks
(mean sessions:25 per patient, range 19-35). The tissue response
was determined by means of MRI after laser treatment in comparison
to MRI prior to the beginning of the LLLT. Results: All patients
showed complete clinical remission. The time-dependent contrast
enhancement curve obtained by the evaluation of MR images
demonstrated a significant decrease of enhancement features
typical for inflammation in the affected area.
A new type
of very low-power modulated laser:soft-tissue changes induced
in osteoarthritic patients revealed by sonography. International
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Research. 2000; 20 (1-2):
13-6.
Baratto-L, Capra-R, Farinelli-M et al.
Patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis of the cervical spine
were studied by ultrasound examination. The region of interest
was the soft connective tissue layer above the right and the
left superior trapezium that revealed a significant difference
in thickness between the left and right side. The aching side
was treated with a new type of very low-power, modulated laser
for 3 min. Immediately after application, the sonographic
examination revealed a significant symmetrization of the subcutaneous
tissue.
A case
report of low intensity laser therapy (LILT) in the management
of venous ulceration: potential effects of wound debridement
upon efficacy. Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine & Surgery.
2000; 18 (1): 15-22
Lagan-K-M, Mc-Donough-S-M, Clements-B-A, Baxter-G-D.
This single case report was undertaken as a preliminary investigation
into the clinical effects of low intensity laser upon venous
ulceration, applied to wound margins only, and the potential
relevance of wound debridement and wound measurement techniques
to any effects observed. The patient was required to attend
3 times per week for a total of 8 weeks. Treatments were carried
out using single source irradiation (830 nm; 9 J/cm2) in
conjunction with dry dressings during each visit. Assessment
of wound surface area, wound appearance, and current pain
were completed by a independent investigator. Planimetry and
digitizing were completed for wound tracings and for photographs
to quantify surface areas.Video image analysis was also performed
on photographs of wounds. The primary findings were changes
in wound appearance, and a decrease in wound surface area
(range 33.3-46.3%), dependent on the choice of measurement
method. Wound debridement emerged as an important procedure
to be carried out prior to measuring wounds. Despite fluctuating
pain levels recorded throughout the duration of the study,
VAS scores showed a decrease of 15% at the end of the study.
This hypoalgesic effect was, however, statistically significant
Low intensity laser therapy at this dosage, an using single
source irradiation would seem to be an effective treatment
for patients suffering venous ulceration.
Assessment
of low-power laser biostimulation on chondral lesions: an
"in vivo" experimental study. Artificial cells,
blood substitutes, amd immobilization biotechnology. 2000;28
(5): 441-449.
Guzzardella-G-A, Morrone-G, Torricelli-P et al.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether intraoperative
laser biostimulation can enhance healing of cartilaginous
lesions of the knee. Surgery was performed on eighteen rabbits:
a bilateral chondral lesion of 1.25 +/- 0.2 mm in length and
0.8 +/- 0.2 mm in width was created in the femoral medial
condyle with a scalpel. The lesion in the left knee of each
animal was treated intraoperatively using the diode Ga-Al-As
780nm. laser (300 Joules/cm2, 1 Watt, 300 Hertz, 10 minutes),
while the right knee was left untreated, as control group.
The animals were divided into three groups, A, B and C, according
to the survival time after surgery, two, six and twelve weeks,
respectively. The explants from the femoral condyles, both
treated employing laser energy and left untreated, were examined
histologically. Results showed a progressive filling with
fibrous tissue of the cartilaginous lesion treated with laser
irradiation, while no changes in the original lesion of the
untreated group were observed at the end of the study.
Low power
laser protects human erythrocytes In an In vitro model of
artificial heart-lung machines. Artificial Organs. 2000; 24
(11): 870-3.
Itoh-T, Murakami-H, Orihashi-K et al.
The protective effect of the low power helium-neon (He-Ne)
laser against the damage of human erythrocytes in whole blood
was examined in a perfusion model using an artificial heart-lung
machine. Preserved human whole blood was diluted and perfused
in 2 closed circuits with a double roller pump. The laser
irradiated one of the circuits (laser group), and none the
other (control group). In the laser group, erythrocyte deformability
and erythrocyte
ATP levels were significantly higher, and freehemoglobin levels
were significantly lower than those in the control group.
Subsequent morphological findings by means of scanning electron
microscope were consistent with these results. Low power He-
Ne laser protected human erythrocytes in the preserved diluted
whole blood from the damage caused by experimental artificial
heart-lung machines.
[The efficacy
of the transcutaneous magnetic-laser irradiation of the blood
in acute salpingo-oophoritis] Voprosy kurortologii, fizioterapii,
i lechebnoi fizicheskoi kultury. 2000 (1): 32-35.
Manukhin-I-B, Matafonov-V-A, Mamedov-F-M.
The effect of including transcutaneous low-intensity magnetic-laser
radiation of blood in combined antiinflammatory therapy of
salpingo- oophoritis was studied. This physiotherapy stimulates
phagocytic activity of neutrophilic leukocytes of the peripheral
blood, promotes faster normalization of enzymatic and non-enzymatic
systems of these cells.
[Effects of
low-intensity infrared impulse laser therapy on inflammation
activity markers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis]. Terapevticheskii
arkhiv. 2000; 72 (5): 32-4.
Ilich-Stoianovich-O, Nasonov-E-L, Balabanova-R-M.
To evaluate effects of low-intensity infrared impulse laser
therapy (IRILT) on concentration of immunity activation (not
readable: see text) (soluble receptors of TNF-alpha and neopterin)
and indicator of the inflammation activity (concentration
of C- reactive protein) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
(RA).Enzyme immunoassay, radioimmunoassay, enzyme immunoassay
and radial immunodiffusion were used to measure soluble receptors
of TNF-alpha, neopterin and C-reactive protein in 38 females
with verified RA receiving IRILT or sham procedures. IRILT
induced lowering of neopterin, TNF-alpha soluble receptors
(p 0.01) and C-reactive protein (p 0.01). The findings give
pathogenetical grounds for IRILT use in RA as this treatment
suppresses functional activity of macrophages, which serve
the main source of neopterin and the receptors synthesis.
[The effect of intravenous
laser irradiation of the blood on the brain bioelectrical
activity in patients in the postcomatose period]. Vopr-Kurortol-Fizioter-Lech-Fiz-Kult;
2000; (2): 28-31.
Idrisova-L-T, Enikeev-D-A, Vasil-eva-T-V.
The article presents clinical data on therapeutic effects
of intravenous laser blood irradiation (BI) in severe alcoholintoxication
complicated by alcohol coma. BI effectiveness was assessed
by EEG changes within 3 postcomatose days. Changes in brain
biopotentials in various postcomatose periods were unidirectional.
Positive results were achieved after low-intensity laser radiation.
Laser therapy: a randomized,
controlled trial of the effects of low intensity Nd:YAG laser
irradiation on lateral epicondylitis.
Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation .2000; 81
(11): 1504-1510.
Basford-J-R, Sheffield-C-G, Cieslak-K-R.
The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of low
intensity laser therapy in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis.
A double-masked, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.:
A physical medicine and rehabilitation clinic. Fifty-two ambulatory
men and women (age range, 18-70 yr) with symptomatic lateral
epicondylitis of more than 30 days in duration and a normal
neurologic examination. Subjects were bloc randomized into
2 groups with a computer-generated schedule. All underwent
irradiation for 60 seconds at 7 points along the symptomatic
forearm 3 times weekly for 4 weeks by a masked therapist.
The sole difference
between the groups was that the probe of a 1.06-microm continuous
wave laser emitted 204 mW/cm2 (12.24 J/cm2) for the treated
subjects and was inactive for the control subjects. Subjects
were assessed at the beginning, midpoint (session 6), and
end (session 12) oftreatment, as well as at follow-up 28 to
35 days after their las ttreatment.: Pain in last 24 hours,
tenderness to palpation, and patient's perception of change
(benefit). The treated and untreated groups were well matched
demographically. Masking was maintained for subjects and therapists;
however, the groups did not vary to a statistically significant
extent in terms of the main outcome measures either during
treatment or at follow-up. Secondary outcome variables, such
as grasp and pinch strength, medication use, and pain with
grasp and pinch, also failed to statistically differ significantly
between the groups. No significant treatment side effects
were noted: Treatment with low intensity 1.06-microm laser
irradiation within the parameters of this study was a safe
but ineffective treatment of lateral epicondyliti
Osteochondral
lesion repair of the knee in the rabbit after low-power diode
Ga-Al-As laser biostimulation: an experimental study.
Artificial Cells, Blood Substitutes, and Immobilization Biotechnology.
2000; 28 (4): 321-336.
Morrone-G, Guzzardella-G-A, Torricelli-P et al.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether low-power
laser biostimulation of the osteo-chondral lesions of the
knee could by itself reduce repair healing time. Surgery was
performed on eighteen rabbits; a bilateral osteo-chondral
lesion of 2.5mm in diameter and 2mm depth was created in the
femoral medial condyle with a drill. The left knee of each
animal was treated intraoperatively using the diodeGa-Al-As
laser (780nm) with the following parameters: 300 Joules/cm2,
1 Watts, 300 Hertz, 10 minutes; the right knee was left untreated,
as control group. The animals were divided into three groups,
A, B and C, according to the survival time after surgery,
two, six and twelve weeks, respectively. The explants from
the femoral condyles, either treated employing laser energy
or left untreated, were examined histomorphometrically. Results
after laser treatment showed faster healing of the lesion
at week 2) and an overall improvement in cellular morphology
while a more regular aspect of the osteocartilaginous tissue
was observed at week 12 A relationship between laser biostimulation
properties and healing of the osteo-chondral defect has been
demonstrated.
[Low-intensity laser therapy in pediatric oncology].
Voprosy Onkologii; 2000, 46 (4): 459-61.
Balakirev-S-A, Gusev-L-I, Kazanova-M et al.
Application of low-intensity laser radiotherapy (LILR) allowed
to cut down time needed for management of radiation injury and
chemotherapy complications in pediatric patients 1.5-2-fold.
It was shown that exposure to LIILR caused mononuclear (MN)
levels of donors' blood to rise which in turn led to release,
in higher concentrations, of IL-1 and FNO cytokins, major factors
of immune response development.
In vitro effects of low-level
laser irradiation at 660 nm on peripheral blood lymphocytes.
Lasers in surgery and medicine 2000; 27 (3): 255-261.
Stadler I, Evans-R, Kolb B, Naim-J-Oet al.
The effects of low-level laser light irradiation are still
highly contested, and the mechanisms of its action still unclear.
This study was conducted to test the effects of low-level
laser irradiation at 660 nm on human lymphocytes and to investigate
the possible mechanisms by which these effects are produced.:
Whole blood obtained by phlebotomy was irradiated at 660 nm
by using energy fluences between 0 and 5.0 J/cm(2). The lymphocytes
were isolated after irradiation of the whole blood. For the
control experiment, the lymphocytes were first isolated and
then irradiated at the same wavelength and energy fluence
for comparison. The proliferation of lymphocytes and the formation
of free radicals and lipid peroxides were monitored. Hemoglobin
was also irradiated in a cell-free environment to test for
the production of lipid peroxides. Lymphocyte proliferation
was significantly higher as expressed by a Stimulation Index
in samples irradiated in the presence of whole blood compared
with lymphocytes irradiated after isolation from whole blood.
Free radical and lipid peroxide production also increased
significantly when samples were irradiated in the presence
of red blood cells.The present study supports the hypothesis
that one mechanism for the photobiostimulation effect after
irradiation at 660 nm is the reaction of light with hemoglobin,
resulting in oxygenradical production.
Ultrastructure of the blood
and lymphatic capillaries of the respiratory
tissue during inflammation and endobronchial laser therapy.
Ultrastructural Pathology. 2000; 24 (3): 183-189.
Polosukhin-V-V.
For wide application of low-energy laser irradiation in the
pulmonary clinic, study of the structural basis of the therapeutic
effect is necessary. The aim of this research is to describe
the structural changes of the blood and lymphatic capillaries
in the respiratory tissues during inflammation and following
laser biostimulation. Comparative ultrastructural study was
carried out on 127 open respiratory biopsy specimens from
45 patients with infectious- destructive lung diseases. These
patients were divided into two groups, depending on tactic
of pre-operative therapy: patients treated by only traditional
anti-inflammatory measures and patients receiving additional
laser therapy. Heightened permeability of the blood capillary
endotheliocytes was noted as the initial stage in the development
of the inflammatory reaction. Intensification of the process
of permeability is accompanied by interstitial edema,
deformation of the interalveolar septa, and structural disorganization
of alveolar epithelium cells. Local lesions of microcirculation
result in tissue hypoxia and induce processes of
fibrosis. Laser biostimulation promotes reversion of the inflammatory
process and stabilizes fibroplastic processes. Basic principles
of pathogenetic therapy were stated. It was shown that low-energy
laser irradiation satisfies these requirements as an additional
method in the therapy of destructive lung diseases.
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